As Congress moves to consider H.R. 4373, which would provide additional support for COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics, we applaud the inclusion of S. 3011/H.R. 5735, a measure to provide greater flexibility to American Rescue Plan (ARP) state and local resources. The ARP law provided $350 billion in relief funds and $10 billion in capital improvement assistance, which was critical to state and local governments managing pandemic-induced budget shortfalls. However, as the nation enters the next chapter of the pandemic, the ARP funds lack the flexibility necessary for states and localities to address ongoing transportation needs. State and local transportation capital budgets were hit especially hard by the pandemic, as changes in travel patterns caused user-based revenue sources to dwindle. Many projects were delayed or canceled. However, current law caps states and localities at using a fraction of their ARP funding for highway, public transit, and other surface transportation projects.